Which part determines the voltage step ratio in a transformer?

Which part determines the voltage step ratio in a transformer?

• A. The core material.
• B. The wire gauge.
• C. The number of turns in the coils.
• D. The input frequency.

Answer: (C)

The voltage step ratio is determined by the turns ratio between the primary and secondary windings. In an ideal transformer, the voltages relate as Vp/Vs = Np/Ns, so the number of turns on each winding directly sets how much voltage is gained or reduced. More turns on the secondary than the primary produce a higher output voltage (step-up), while fewer turns produce a lower output voltage (step-down). The core material mainly affects how well magnetic flux is transferred and losses, not the voltage ratio. The wire gauge influences resistance and current-carrying capability, not the voltage transformation. The input frequency doesn’t set the ratio; it affects flux, losses, and impedance but not the fundamental voltage ratio set by turns.

The voltage step ratio is determined by the turns ratio between the primary and secondary windings. In an ideal transformer, the voltages relate as Vp/Vs = Np/Ns, so the number of turns on each winding directly sets how much voltage is gained or reduced. More turns on the secondary than the primary produce a higher output voltage (step-up), while fewer turns produce a lower output voltage (step-down).

The core material mainly affects how well magnetic flux is transferred and losses, not the voltage ratio. The wire gauge influences resistance and current-carrying capability, not the voltage transformation. The input frequency doesn’t set the ratio; it affects flux, losses, and impedance but not the fundamental voltage ratio set by turns.